It's natural to feel concerned if you see blood in your stool, on toilet paper, or in the toilet bowl.
While rectal bleeding can stem from harmless issues, it may sometimes signal a more significant underlying condition.
Dr. Darrien Gaston, our trusted gastroenterologist at Metropolitan Gastroenterology Consultants in the Beverly neighborhood of Chicago, explains the potential causes and when to take action.
Rectal bleeding refers to blood coming from your anus, which could originate from any part of your gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The blood may appear bright red, dark red, or black; understanding its color can help us identify the source.
Dr. Gaston asks about color, consistency, frequency, and other accompanying symptoms to begin mapping out a diagnostic plan.
Rectal bleeding can arise from various conditions, ranging from mild to severe. Some of the most common causes include:
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in your rectum or anus, often caused by straining during bowel movements, pregnancy, or prolonged sitting. They’re a common source of rectal bleeding and may cause itching, swelling, or discomfort.
Anal fissures are small tears in your anal lining, often resulting from passing hard stools. They can cause pain and bleeding but typically heal on their own with care and stool regulation.
Conditions such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis lead to chronic inflammation of your gastrointestinal tract, which may lead to rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
Diverticulitis is when small pouches (diverticula) in your colon lining become inflamed or infected; they can cause bleeding and intense pain, typically in the lower left abdomen.
Polyps are small growths in your colon or rectum that may bleed. While not all polyps are cancerous, some can develop into colorectal cancer, which may also result in rectal bleeding.
Though rare, some additional causes of rectal bleeding include:
These occur in your stomach or small intestine and may cause dark, tarry stools due to slower bleeding higher in the GI tract.
Certain STIs, like gonorrhea or syphilis, can cause rectal inflammation and bleeding.
Bacterial infections, such as Clostridium difficile (C. diff.), can inflame your colon lining, leading to diarrhea mixed with blood.
Not all instances of rectal bleeding require an emergency visit, but it’s important to know when it warrants prompt medical attention. Dr. Gaston recommends seeking immediate care if rectal bleeding is:
Scheduling a consultation is essential for bleeding that persists beyond a day or two, even if mild. Rectal bleeding may indicate a condition that requires treatment, and early diagnosis can prevent complications.
Our treatment for rectal bleeding depends on its underlying cause. For common conditions, Dr. Gaston might recommend:
Over-the-counter creams or prescription treatments can reduce swelling. Advanced cases may benefit from procedures like the CRH O’Regan System®, a minimally invasive technique that reduces hemorrhoid size and alleviates symptoms.
Eating more fiber and staying hydrated can soften your stools and promote healing. Topical ointments may also provide relief.
For more complex conditions, such as IBD, diverticulitis, or colorectal cancer, treatment plans may include medications, dietary changes, or surgical interventions. Dr. Gaston also offers in-office diagnostic procedures, such as colonoscopies, to investigate the source of bleeding and recommend tailored solutions.
Rectal bleeding, while concerning, often stems from manageable conditions like hemorrhoids or fissures, but it’s better to be safe than sorry.
If you’re experiencing rectal bleeding, don’t wait; call Metropolitan Gastroenterology Consultants in the Beverly neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois, to schedule an appointment today for clarity, care, and peace of mind.
